Below is an example of how to set up a Raspberry Pi to record both video and audio using the Raspberry Pi NoIR Camera Module and an external USB microphone.

Requirements

1. Raspberry Pi with Raspbian OS installed
2. Raspberry Pi NoIR Camera Module
3. USB microphone
4. Python installed on the Raspberry Pi

Step-by-Step Guide

1. Connect the NoIR Camera Module to the Raspberry Pi.
2. Connect the USB microphone to one of the USB ports on the Raspberry Pi.
3. Enable the camera module on your Raspberry Pi by running sudo raspi-config and selecting Interfacing Options -> Camera -> Enable.

Python Script for Recording Video and Audio

First, install the necessary libraries:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3-picamera python3-pyaudio ffmpeg
pip3 install sounddevice

Create a Python script to record video and audio simultaneously:

import time
import subprocess
import sounddevice as sd
import numpy as np
from datetime import datetime
from picamera import PiCamera

# Configuration
VIDEO_DURATION = 12 * 60 * 60  # Record for 12 hours (in seconds)
VIDEO_FILENAME = 'video.h264'
AUDIO_FILENAME = 'audio.wav'
FINAL_OUTPUT_FILENAME = 'output_with_audio.mp4'
SAMPLERATE = 44100

# Record video
def record_video():
    camera = PiCamera()
    camera.resolution = (1920, 1080)
    camera.start_recording(VIDEO_FILENAME)
    camera.wait_recording(VIDEO_DURATION)
    camera.stop_recording()
    camera.close()

# Record audio
def record_audio():
    recording = sd.rec(int(VIDEO_DURATION * SAMPLERATE), samplerate=SAMPLERATE, channels=2, dtype='int16')
    sd.wait()
    # Save as WAV file
    np.savetxt(AUDIO_FILENAME, recording, fmt='%d')

# Combine audio and video using ffmpeg
def combine_audio_video():
    command = f'ffmpeg -y -i {VIDEO_FILENAME} -i {AUDIO_FILENAME} -c:v copy -c:a aac {FINAL_OUTPUT_FILENAME}'
    subprocess.call(command, shell=True)

# Main function to record video and audio simultaneously
if __name__ == "__main__":
    start_time = datetime.now()
    print(f"Recording started at {start_time}")

    # Start recording video and audio
    record_video()
    record_audio()

    # Combine the recorded video and audio
    combine_audio_video()

    end_time = datetime.now()
    print(f"Recording finished at {end_time}")
    print(f"Output saved as {FINAL_OUTPUT_FILENAME}")

Explanation

• The record_video function uses the picamera library to record video from the Raspberry Pi NoIR Camera Module.
• The record_audio function uses the sounddevice library to record audio from a USB microphone.
• The combine_audio_video function uses ffmpeg to combine the recorded video and audio into a single file.

Running the Script

Save the script as record.py and run it using:

python3 record.py

This script will record both video and audio simultaneously for 12 hours and save the combined output as output_with_audio.mp4. Adjust the VIDEO_DURATION as needed for your project.