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June 22, 2020 02:52
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{ | |
"classic": "神農本草經", | |
"description": "本資料庫係根據尚志鈞之《神農本草經校注》整理,除了對主流本草中保存的陶弘景整理的《本草經》文加以全面的輯復校注,而且對古書所引的陶弘景以前的《本草經》佚文也進行了堪稱全面細緻的輯校分析。", | |
"items": [ | |
{ | |
"上品": [ | |
{"描述": "上藥一百二十種,為君,主養命以應天,無毒。多服、久服不傷人。欲輕身益氣,不老延年者,本上經。丹沙、雲母、玉泉、石鐘乳、涅石、消石、朴消、滑石、石膽、空青、曾青、禹餘糧、太乙餘糧、白石英、紫石英、五色石脂、白青、扁青(右玉石,上品一十八種,舊同)。菖蒲、鞠華、人蔘、天門冬、甘草、乾地黃、術、菟絲子、牛膝、充蔚子、女萎、防葵、柴胡、麥門冬、獨活、車前子、木香、署豫、薏苡仁、澤瀉、遠志、龍膽、細辛、石斛、巴戟天、白英、白蒿、赤箭、奄閭子、析蓂子、蓍實、赤、黑、青、白、黃、紫芝(六芝)、卷柏、藍實、芎藭、蘼蕪、黃連、絡石、蒺藜子、黃耆、肉松容、防風、蒲黃、香蒲、續斷、漏蘆、營實、天名精、決明子、丹參、茜根、飛廉、五味子、旋華、蘭草、蛇床子、地膚子、景天、茵陳、杜若、沙參、白兔藿、徐長卿、石龍芻、薇銜、雲實、王不留行、升麻、青蘘、姑活、別羈、屈草、淮木(右草上品七十三種,舊七十二種)。牡桂、菌桂、松脂、槐實、枸杞、柏實、伏苓、榆皮、酸棗、櫱木、乾漆、五加皮、蔓荊實、辛夷、桑上寄生、杜仲、女貞實、木蘭、蕤核、橘柚、(右木上品二十種,舊一十九種)。發皮(右人一種,舊同)。龍骨、麝香、牛黃、熊脂、白膠、阿膠(右獸上品六種舊同)。丹雄雞、雁肪(右禽上品二種,舊同)。石蜜、蜂子、蜜臘、牡蠣、龜甲、桑螵蛸、海蛤、文蛤、蠡魚、鯉魚膽(右蠡魚上品一十種,舊同)。藕實莖、大棗、葡萄、蓬虆、雞頭實(右果上品五種,舊六種)。胡麻、麻賁(右米穀上品二種,舊三種)。冬葵子、莧實、瓜蒂、瓜子、苦菜(右菜上品五種,舊同)。"}, | |
{ | |
"石": [ | |
{"描述": "上,玉、石,上品一十八種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "丹沙", | |
"nature": "微寒", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主身體五藏百病,養精神,安魂魄,益氣,明目,殺精魅邪惡鬼。久服,通神明不老。能化為汞,生山谷。太平《御覽》引,多有生山谷三字,《大觀本》,作生符陵山谷,俱作黑字,考生山谷是經文,後人加郡縣耳,宜改為白字,而以郡縣為黑字,下皆仿此。案《說文》云:丹,巴越之赤石也,象采丹井、象丹形,古文作日,亦作彤、沙、水散石也。澒,丹沙所化為水銀也。管子地數篇云:山上有丹沙者,其下有金,《淮南子》地形訓云:赤夭七百歲生赤丹,赤丹七百歲生赤澒。高誘云:赤丹,丹沙也。《山海經》云:丹粟,粟、沙,音之緩急也,沙,舊作砂非,汞,即澒省文。《列仙傳》云:赤斧能作水澒,煉丹,與消石服之,按金石之藥。古人云久服輕身延年者謂當避谷,絕人道,或服數十年乃效耳。今人和肉食服之,遂多相反,轉以成疾,不可疑古書之虛證。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》本草曰:丹沙,神農甘、黃帝苦,有毒。扁鵲苦,李氏大寒,或生武陵,采無時,能化未成水銀,畏磁石,惡鹹水(太平《御覽》)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:作末,名真朱,光色如雲母,可折者良,生符陵山谷,采無時。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "扁青", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主目痛,明目,折跌,癰腫,金創不療,破積聚,解毒氣(《御覽》引作辟毒),利精神。久服,輕身不老。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《范子計然》云:扁青出宏農豫章。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:扁青,神農雷公小寒無毒,生蜀郡,治丈夫內絕,令人有子(《御覽》引雲,治癰脾風痹,久服輕身)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生朱崖武都朱提,采無時。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"草":[ | |
{"描述": "上草,上品七十三種,舊七十二種,考六芝當為一,升麻當白字,米穀部誤入青蘘,《唐本草》六種,姑活,屈草,淮木,皆當入此。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "菖蒲", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主風寒濕痹,咳逆上氣,開心孔,補五臟,通九竅,明耳目,出聲音。久服輕身,不忘不迷或延年。一名昌陽(《御覽》引雲,生石上,一寸九節者,久服輕身云云,《大觀本》,無生石上三字,有雲一寸九節者良,作黑字),生池澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:(上艹下左工右阝),菖蒲也,益州生,□□□也,《廣雅》雲,邛昌陽,菖蒲也,《周禮》醢人云,菖本,鄭雲菖本,菖蒲根,切之四寸為菹,春秋左《傳》雲,食以菖歜;杜預云:菖歜,菖蒲菹;呂氏春秋云:冬至後五旬七日,菖始生,菖者百草之先,於是始耕;《淮南子》說山訓云:菖羊去蚤蝨而來蛉窮;高誘云:菖羊,菖蒲;《列仙傳》云:商邱子胥食菖蒲根,務光服蒲韭根,《離騷》草木疏雲,沈存中云:所謂蘭蓀,即今菖蒲是也。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:菖蒲一名堯韭(藝文類聚引雲,一名昌陽)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生上洛,及蜀郡嚴道,五月十二日采根,陰乾。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "六芝", | |
"items":{ | |
"赤芝":{ | |
"name": "赤芝", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主胸中結,益心氣,補中,增慧智,不忘。久食,輕身不老,延年神仙。一名丹芝。" | |
}, | |
"黑芝":{ | |
"name": "黑芝", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "鹹", | |
"function": "主癃,利水道,益腎氣,通九竅,聰察。久食,輕身不老,延年神仙。一名元芝。" | |
}, | |
"青芝":{ | |
"name": "青芝", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "酸", | |
"function": "主明目,補肝氣,安精魂,仁恕,久食,輕身不老延年神仙。一名龍芝。" | |
}, | |
"白芝":{ | |
"name": "白芝", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主咳逆上氣,益肺氣,通利口鼻,強志意,勇悍,安魄。久食,輕身不老延年神仙。一名玉芝。" | |
}, | |
"黃芝":{ | |
"name": "黃芝", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主心腹五邪,益脾氣,安神,忠信和樂。久食,輕身不老延年神仙。一名金芝。" | |
}, | |
"紫芝":{ | |
"name": "紫芝", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主耳聾,利關節,保神,益精氣,堅筋骨,好顏色。久服,輕身不老延年。一名木芝。生山谷(舊作六種,今並)。" | |
} | |
}, | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:芝,神草也;《爾雅》云:苬芝;郭璞云:芝一歲三華,瑞草;禮內則云:芝栭;盧植注云:芝,木芝也;《楚詞》云:采三秀于山間;王逸云:三秀謂芝草;後漢書華陀傳:有漆葉青面;注引陀傳曰:青面者,一名地節,一名黃芝,主理五臟,益精氣,本字書無面字,相傳音女廉反;《列仙傳》云:呂尚服澤芝;《抱朴子·仙藥》云:赤者如珊瑚,白者如截肪,黑者如澤漆,青者如翠羽,黃者如紫金,而皆光明洞徹如堅冰也。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:紫之一名木芝。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:赤芝生霍山,黑芝生恆山,青芝生太山,白芝生華山,黃芝生嵩山,紫芝生高夏地上,色紫,形如桑(《御覽》),六芝皆無毒,六月八月采。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"木":[ | |
{"描述": "上木,上品二十種,舊一十九種,考果部,橘柚當入此。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "牡桂", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主上氣咳逆,結氣喉痹,吐吸,利關節,補中益氣。久服通神,輕身不老。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:桂,江南木,百藥之長,梫桂也;南山經云:招搖之山多桂;郭璞云:桂,葉似枇杷,長二尺余,廣數寸,味辛,白花,叢生山峰,冬夏常青,間無雜木;《爾雅》云:梫,木桂;郭璞云:今人呼桂皮厚者,為木桂,及單名桂者,是也,一名肉桂,一名桂枝,一名桂心。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生南海。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "橘柚", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主胸中瘕熱逆氣,利水谷。久服,去臭下氣通神,一名橘皮。生川谷。(舊在果部,非)", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:橘果出江南,柚條也。似橙而酢。《爾雅》云:柚條。郭璞云:似橙實酢,生江南。禹貢云:厥包橘柚。偽孔云:大曰橘,小曰柚。列子湯問篇云:吳楚之國有木焉,其名為,碧樹而冬生,實丹而味酸,食其皮汁,已憤厥之疾,《司馬相如賦》,有橘柚。張揖曰:柚,即橙也。似橘而大,味酢皮厚。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生南山,江南,十月采。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"人":[ | |
{"描述": "右人一種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "發髲", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主五癃,關格不通,利小便水道,療小兒癇,大人痓,仍自還神化。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:發,根也。髲鬄也。鬄髲也。或作髢。《毛詩》云:不屑髢。《箋》云:髢髲也。儀禮云:主婦被錫。注云:被錫,讀為髲鬄。古者或剔賤者刑者之發,以被婦人之為飾,因名髲鬄焉。李當之云:是童男發,據漢人說:發髲,當是剃刑人發,或童男發本經不忍取人發用之。故用剃余也。方家至用天靈蓋,害及枯骨,卒不能治病。古人所無矣。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"獸":[ | |
{"描述": "上獸,上品六種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "龍骨", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主心腹,鬼注,精物老魅,咳逆,泄利,膿血,女子漏下,症瘕堅結,小兒熱氣驚癇,齒主,小兒大人驚癇瘨疾狂走,心下結氣,不能喘息,諸痙,殺精物。久服,輕身通神明,延年。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《范子計然》云:龍骨生河東。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:龍骨生晉地,山谷陰,大水所過處,是龍死骨也,青白者善,十二月采,或無時,龍骨畏乾漆,蜀椒,理石,龍齒神農李氏大寒,治驚癇,久服輕身。(《御覽》《大觀本》節文)", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生晉地及太山,岩水岸土穴中死龍處,采無時。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "阿膠", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主心腹,內崩,勞極,洒洒如瘧狀,腰腹痛,四肢酸疼,女子下血安胎,久服輕身益氣,一名傅致膠。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案二膠,本經不著所出,疑本經但作膠,《名醫》增白字阿字,分為二條。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生平東郡煮牛皮作之,出東阿。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"禽":[ | |
{"描述": "上禽,上品二種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "丹雄雞", | |
"nature": "微溫", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主女人崩中漏下,赤白沃,補虛,溫中,止血,通神,殺毒辟不祥,頭主殺鬼,東門上者尤良。肪,主耳聾。腸,主遺溺。肶胵,裹黃皮,主泄利。尿白,主消渴傷寒,寒熱。黑雌雞,主風寒濕痹,五緩六急,安胎。翮羽,主下血閉。雞子,主除熱,火瘡癇痙,可作虎魄,神物。雞白蠹,肥脂。生平澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:雞知時畜也。籀文作雞,肪,肥也。腸,大小腸也。膍鳥胵,胵鳥胃也。工(上艹下囗內必),糞也。翮羽,莖也。羽,鳥長毛也,此作肶,省文,尿,即(上艹下囗內必)字,古文,從。亦(上艹下囗內必)假音字也。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:丹雞卵可作琥珀。(《御覽》)", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生朝鮮。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"蟲魚":[ | |
{"描述": "上蟲,魚。上品一十種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "石蜜", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主心腹邪氣,諸驚癇痓,安五藏,諸不足,益氣補中,止痛解毒,除眾病,和百藥。久服,強志輕身,不飢不老。一名石飴。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:蜂,甘飴也。一曰螟子,或作蜜。《中山經》云:平逢之山多沙石,實惟蜂蜜之廬。郭璞云:蜜,赤蜂名。西京雜記云:南越王獻高帝石蜜五斛。玉篇云:螽,甘飴也。蘇恭云:當去石字。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:石蜜,神農雷公甘氣平,生河源或河梁。(《御覽》又一引云:生武都山谷)", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生武都河源及諸山石中,色白如膏者,良." | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"果":[ | |
{"描述": "上果,上品五種,舊六種,今以橘柚入木。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "藕實莖", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主補中養神,益氣力,除百疾。久服,輕身耐老,不飢延年。一名水芝丹。生池澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:藕,夫渠根。蓮,夫渠之實也。茄,夫渠莖。《爾雅》云:荷,芙渠。郭璞云:別名芙蓉,江東呼荷,又其莖茄,其實蓮。郭璞云:蓮謂房也,又其根藕。", | |
"吳普本草":"", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名蓮,生汝南,八月采。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "雞頭實", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主濕痹,腰脊膝痛,補中除暴疾,益精氣,強志令耳目聰明。久服,輕身不飢,耐老,神仙。一名雁啄實。生池澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:芡,雞頭也。《廣雅》云:芡,雞頭也,《周禮》,籩人加籩之實芡。鄭元云:芡,雞頭也。方言云:芡,雞頭也,北燕謂之,青徐淮泗之間,謂之芡。南楚江湘之間,謂之雞頭,或謂之雁頭,或謂之烏頭。《淮南子》說山川云:雞頭已瘺。高誘云:水中芡,幽州謂之雁頭。古今注云:葉似荷而大,葉上蹙縐如沸,實有芒刺,其中有米,可以度飢,即今蔦子也。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名芡,生雷澤,八月采。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"米穀":[ | |
{"描述": "上米,谷,上品二種,舊三種,今以青蘘入草。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "麻賁", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主五勞七傷,利五藏,下血,寒氣,多食,令人見鬼狂走。久服,通神明,輕身。一名麻勃。麻子,味甘平,主補中益氣,肥健不老神仙。生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》元:麻與同,人所治在屋下,枲麻也,萉枲實也,或作荸,麻母也,,孝也,以賁為雜香草。《爾雅》云:,枲實,枲,麻孫。炎云:筦麻子也。郭璞雲:別二名,又芓,麻母。郭璞云:苴,麻盛子者,《周禮》,籩朝事之籩,其實黂,鄭云:黂枲實也,鄭司農雲麻麻曰黂.《淮南子》齊俗訓云:胡人見筦,不知其可以為布。高誘云:黂,麻實也,據此則宏景以為牡麻無實,非也,《唐本》以為麻實,是。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:麻子中仁,神農岐伯辛,雷公扁鵲無毒,不欲牡蠣白薇,先藏地中者食殺人,麻藍一名麻賁,一名青欲,一名青葛,神農辛,岐伯有毒,雷公甘,畏牡蠣白薇,葉上有毒,食之殺人,麻勃,一名花,雷公辛無毒,畏牡蠣。(《御覽》)", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:麻勃,此麻花上勃勃者,七月七日采。良,子九月采,生太山。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"菜":[ | |
{"描述": "上菜,上品五種舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "冬葵子", | |
"nature": "寒", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主五臟六腑,寒熱羸瘦,五癃,利小便。久服堅骨長肌肉,輕身延年。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:升,古文終,葵菜也。《廣雅》云:,葵也,考升與終形相近,當即《爾雅》蔠葵,《爾雅》雲蔠,葵繁露。郭璞云:承露也,大莖小葉,華紫黃色。本草圖經云:吳人呼為繁露,俗呼胡燕支,子可婦人塗面及作口脂,按《名醫》別有落葵條,一名繁露,亦非也,陶宏景以為終冬至春作子,謂之冬葵,不經甚矣。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生少室山,十二月采之。" | |
} | |
} | |
] | |
} | |
], | |
"中品": [ | |
{"描述": "中藥一百二十種為臣,主養性以應人,無毒有毒,斟酌其宜,欲遏病補羸者,本中經。雄黃、石流黃、雌黃、水銀、石膏、慈石、凝水石、陽起石、孔公孽、殷孽、鐵精、理石、長石、膚青(右玉,石,中品十四種,舊十六種)。乾薑、枲耳實、葛根、栝樓銀、苦參、當歸、麻黃、通草、芍藥、蠡實、瞿麥、元參、秦艽、百合、知母、貝母、白芷、淫羊藿、黃芩、狗脊、石龍芮、茅根、紫菀、紫草、敗醬、白鮮、酸醬、紫參、藁本、石韋、萆薢、白薇、水萍、王瓜、地榆、海藻、澤蘭、防己、款冬花、牡丹、馬先蒿、積雪草、女菀、王孫、蜀羊泉、爵床、假蘇、翹根(上草,中品四十九種,舊四十六種)。桑根白皮、竹葉、吳茱萸、卮子、蕪荑、枳實、厚朴、秦皮、秦菽、山茱萸、紫葳、豬苓、白棘、龍眼、松蘿、衛矛、合歡(上木,中品一十七種,舊同)。馬莖、鹿茸、牛角腮、羖羊角、牡狗陰莖、羚羊角、犀角(上獸,中品七種,舊同)。燕尿、天鼠尿(上禽,中品二種,舊三種)。蝟皮、露蜂房、鱉甲、蟹、柞蟬、蠐螬、烏賊魚骨、白僵蠶、蛇魚甲、椿雞、蛞蝓、石龍子、木虻、蜚虻、蜚廉、蟅蟲、伏翼(上蟲,魚,中品一十七種,舊十六種)。梅實(上果,中品一種,舊同)。大豆黃卷、赤小豆、粟米、黍米(上米,谷,中品三種,舊二種)。蓼實、蔥實、、水蘇(上菜,中品三種,舊同)。"}, | |
{ | |
"石": [ | |
{"描述": "上玉石,中品一十四種,舊十六種,考鐵落、鐵,宜與鐵精為一。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "雄黃", | |
"nature": ["寒", "平"], | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主寒熱,鼠瘺惡創,疽痔死肌,殺精物,惡鬼,邪氣,百蟲毒,勝五兵。煉食之,輕食神仙。一名黃食石。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《西山經》云:高山其下多雄黃。郭璞云:晉太興三年,高平郡界有山崩,其中出數千斤雄黃。《抱朴子·仙藥》云:雄黃當得武都山所出者,純而無雜,其赤如雞冠,光明曄曄乃可用耳,其但純黃似雄黃,色無赤光者,不任以作仙藥,可以合理病藥耳。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:雄黃,神農苦,山陰有丹雄黃,生山之陽,故曰雄,是丹之雄,所以名雄黃也。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生武都敦煌山之陽,采無時。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "膚青", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主蠱毒,及蛇菜肉諸毒,惡創。生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案陶宏景云:俗方及仙經,並無用此者,亦相與不復識。上玉石,中品一十四種,舊十六種,考鐵落、鐵,宜與鐵精為一。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名推青,一名推石,生益州。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"草": [ | |
{"描述": "上草中品四十九種,舊四十六種,考菜部假蘇,及《唐本》退中,翹根,宜入此。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "乾薑", | |
"nature": "辛", | |
"flavour": "溫", | |
"function": "主胸滿咳逆上氣,溫中止血,出汗,逐風,濕痹,腸澼,下利。生者尤良,久服去臭氣,通神明。生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:姜,御濕之菜也。《廣雅》云:葰廉姜也。呂氏春秋本味篇云:和之美者,陽朴之姜,高誘注,陽朴地名在蜀郡,司馬相如上林賦,有茈姜云云。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生楗為及荊州揚州,九月采。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "翹根", | |
"nature": ["寒", "平"], | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主下熱氣,益陰精,令人面說好,明目。久服輕身耐老。生平澤。(舊在《唐本》退中,今移)", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案陶宏景云:方藥不復用,俗無識者。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:翹根,神農雷公甘有毒,三月八月采,以作蒸,飲酒病人。(《御覽》)", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生蒿高,二月八月采。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"木": [ | |
{"描述": "上木,中品一十七種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "桑根白皮", | |
"nature": "寒", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主傷中,五勞六極,羸瘦,崩中,脈絕,補虛益氣。葉主除寒熱出汗。桑耳黑者,主女子漏下,赤白汁,血病,症瘕積聚,陰補陰陽,寒熱,無子。五木耳名糯,益氣不飢,輕身強志。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:桑,蠶所食葉,木(上卄中而下大),木耳也。蕈,桑(上卄中而下大)。《爾雅》云:桑瓣有葚梔。舍人云:桑樹一半有葚,半無葚,名梔也。郭璞云:瓣,半也,又女桑,(木夷)桑。郭璞云:今俗呼桑樹小而條長者,為女桑樹,又(上厭下水)山桑。郭璞云:似桑材中作弓及草轅,又桑柳槐條。郭璞云:阿那垂條。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:桑耳一名桑菌,一名木麥,生犍為,六月多雨時采,即暴干。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "合歡", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主安五臟,利心志,(藝文類聚作和心志,《御覽》作和心氣。)令人獻樂無憂。久服輕身明目得所欲。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《唐本》注云:或曰合昏,歡昏音相近。日華子云:夜合。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生益州。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"獸": [ | |
{"描述": "上獸,中品七種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "白馬莖", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "鹹", | |
"function": "主傷中脈絕,陰不起,強志益氣,長肌肉,肥健,生子。眼,主驚癇,腹滿,瘧疾,當殺用之。懸蹄,主驚邪,瘈瘲,乳難,辟惡氣鬼毒蠱注,不祥,生平澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"", | |
"吳普本草":"", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生雲中。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "犀角", | |
"nature": "寒", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主百毒蟲注,邪鬼,障氣殺鉤吻鴆羽蛇毒,除不迷或厭寐。久服輕身。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:犀南徼外牛,一角在鼻,一角在頂,似豕。《爾雅》云:犀似豕。郭璞云:形似水牛,豬頭大腹,痹腳,腳有三蹄,黑色,三角,一在頂上,一在鼻上,一在額上,鼻上者,即食角也,小而不橢,好食棘,亦有一角者。《山海經》云:琴鼓之山多白犀。郭璞云:此與辟寒,蠲忿,辟塵,辟暑,諸犀,皆異種也。《范子計然》云:犀角出南郡,上價八千,中三千,下一千。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生永昌及益州。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"禽": [ | |
{"描述": "上禽,中品二種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "燕屎", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主蠱毒鬼注,逐不樣邪氣,破五癃,利小便。生平谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:燕、元鳥也,爾口、布翅枝尾,象形作巢,避戊已,乙元鳥也,齊魯謂之乙,取其名自呼,象形或作亂。《爾雅》云:燕亂。《夏小正》雲,二月來降,燕乃睇。《傳》云:燕、乙也,九月陟元鳥,蟄,《傳》云:元鳥者,燕也。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生高山。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "天鼠屎", | |
"nature": "寒", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主面癰腫,皮膚洗洗,時痛,腸中血氣,破寒熱積聚,除驚悸。一名鼠沄,一名石肝。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案李當之云:即伏翼屎也。李云:天鼠,方言,一名仙鼠。案今本方言云:或謂之老鼠,當為天字之誤也。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生合浦,十月十二月取。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"蟲魚": [ | |
{"描述": "上蟲、魚,中品一十七種。舊十六種,考禽部伏翼宜入此。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "蝟皮", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主五痔陰蝕下血,赤白五色,血汁不止,陰腫痛引要背,酒煮殺之。生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:似豪豬者,或作蝟。《廣雅》云:虎王,蝟也。《爾雅》云:匯毛刺。郭璞云:今謂狀似鼠。《淮南子》說山訓云:鵲矢中蝟。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生楚山田野,取無時。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "伏翼", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "鹹", | |
"function": "主目瞑,明目,夜視有精光。久服,令人喜樂,媚好無憂。一名蝙蝠。生川谷,(舊作禽部,今移)。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:蝙、蝙蝠也,蝠、蝙蝠,服翼也。《廣雅》雲,伏翼,飛鼠,仙鼠,(口式)(口墨)也。《爾雅》云:蝙蝠服翼。方言云:蝙蝠,自關而東,謂之伏翼,或謂之飛鼠,或謂之老鼠,或謂之仙鼠,自關而西,秦隴之間,謂之蝙蝠,北燕謂之(蟲只)(蟲厘),李當之云:即天鼠。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:伏翼,或生人家屋間,立夏後,陰乾。治目冥,令人夜視有光。(藝文類聚)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生太山,及人家屋間,立夏後采,陰乾。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"果": [ | |
{"描述": "上果,中品一種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "梅實", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "酸", | |
"function": "主下氣,除熱,煩滿,安心,肢體痛,偏枯不仁,死肌,去青黑志,惡疾。生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:(左木右上艹下尞),乾梅之屬,或作(左氵右上艹下尞),某、酸果也,以梅為楠。《爾雅》云:梅楠。郭璞云:似杏實酢,是以某注梅也,《周禮》籩人,饋食,籩、其實幹(左木右上艹下尞)。鄭云:干(左木右上艹下尞),乾梅也,有桃諸梅諸,是其干者。《毛詩》疏云:梅暴為臘,羹臛世中,人含之以香口(《大觀本草》)。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:梅實(《大觀本草》作核)。明目,益氣,(《御覽》)不飢(《大觀本草》,引吳氏本草)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生漢中,五月采,火干。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"米穀": [ | |
{"描述": "上米穀,中品三種,舊二種,大小豆為二,無粟米黍米,今增。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "大豆黃卷", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主濕痹,筋攣,膝痛。生大豆,塗癰腫。煮汁,飲,殺鬼毒,止痛,赤小豆。主下水,排癰腫膿血。生平澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:大豆黃卷,神農黃帝雷公無毒,采無時,去面(黑干),得前胡,烏啄,杏子,牡蠣,天雄,鼠屎,共蜜和佳,不欲海藻龍膽,此法,大豆初出黃土芽是也。生大豆,神農岐伯生熟寒,九月采,殺烏豆毒,並不用元參。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"菜": [ | |
{"描述": "上菜,中品三種,舊四種,考蔥實宜與同條,今並假蘇,宜入草部。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "蓼實", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主明目溫中,耐風寒,下水氣,面目浮腫,癰瘍,馬蓼,去腸中蛭蟲,輕身。生川澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:蓼、辛菜薔虞也,薔,薔虞,蓼。《廣雅》云:葒、蘢、(上艹下左吉右頁)、馬蓼也。《爾雅》云:薔虞,蓼。郭璞云:虞蓼,澤蓼,又葒,蘢古,其大者,歸。郭璞云:俗呼葒草為蘢鼓,語轉耳。《毛詩》云:隰有游龍,《傳》云:龍,紅草也。陸璣云:一名馬蓼,葉大而赤色生水中,高丈余,又以薅殺蓼。《傳》云:蓼,水草也。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰,蓼實一名天蓼,一名野蓼,一名澤蓼。(藝文類聚)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生雷澤。" | |
} | |
} | |
] | |
} | |
], | |
"下品": [ | |
{"描述": "下藥一百二十五種為左使,主治病以應地,多毒,不可久服,欲除寒熱邪氣,破積聚,愈疾者,本下經。石灰,礜石、鉛丹、粉錫、代赭、戎鹽、白堊、冬灰、青琅玕(上玉、石、下品八種、舊一十二種)。附子、烏頭、天雄、半夏、虎掌、鳶尾、大黃、葶藶、桔梗、莨盪子、草蒿、旋復花、藜蘆、鉤吻、射干、蛇合、恆山、蜀漆、甘遂、白斂、青葙子、藿菌、白芨、大戟、澤漆、茵芋、貫眾、蕘華、牙子、羊躑躅、商陸、羊蹄、萹蓄、狼毒、白頭翁、鬼臼、羊桃、女青、連翹、閭茹、烏韭、鹿藿、蚤休、石長生、陸英、藎草、牛萹、夏枯草、芫華、(上草,下品四十九種,舊四十八種)。巴豆、蜀菽、皂莢、柳華、棟實、郁李仁、莽草、雷丸、桐葉、梓白皮、石南、黃環、溲疏、鼠李、藥實根、欒華、蔓椒、(上,木下品一十七種,舊一十八種)。豚卵、麋脂、鼺鼠、六畜毛蹄甲(上獸,下品四種,舊同)。蝦蟆、馬刀、蛇蛻、蚯蚓、蠮螉、蜈蚣、水蛭、班苗、貝子、石蠶、雀瓮、蜣螂、螻蛄、馬陸、地膽、鼠婦、熒火、衣魚、(上蟲、魚,下品一十九種,舊一十八種)。桃核仁、杏核仁(上、果下品二種,舊同)。腐婢(上米、谷下品一種、舊同)。苦瓠、水靳(上菜、下品二種、舊同)。彼子(上一種、未詳)。"}, | |
{ | |
"石": [ | |
{"描述": "上玉石,下品九種,舊十二種,粉錫,錫鏡鼻為二,戎鹽,大鹽,鹵鹽為非,三考當各為一。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "石灰", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主疽瘍疥搔,熱氣,惡創,癩疾,死肌,墮眉,殺痔蟲,去黑子息肉。一名惡疢.生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"按惡灰,疑當為堊灰,希、石、聲之緩急。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名希疢,生中山。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "青琅玕", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主身癢,火創,癰傷,疥搔,死肌。一名石珠。生平澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:琅玕似珠者,古文作。禹貢云:雍州貢璆琳琅玕.鄭云:琅玕珠也。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名青珠,生蜀郡,采無時。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"草": [ | |
{"描述": "右草,下品四十九種,舊四十八種,考木部芫華宜入此。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "附子", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主風寒咳逆邪氣,溫中,金創,破症堅積聚,血瘕,寒溫,踒(《御覽》作痿)。躄拘攣,腳痛,不能行步(《御覽》引云:為百藥之長,《大觀本》,作黑字)。生山谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《范子計然》云:附子出蜀武都中,白色者善。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:附子一名莨,神農辛,岐伯雷公甘有毒,李氏苦有毒,大溫,或生廣漢,八月采,皮黑肥白(《御覽》)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生楗為及廣漢東,月採為附子,春採為烏頭(《御覽》)。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "夏枯草", | |
"nature": "寒", | |
"flavour": ["苦", "辛"], | |
"function": "熱瘰癧,鼠瘺,頭創,破症,散癭,結氣,腳腫,濕痹,輕身。一名夕句,一名乃東。生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名燕面,生蜀郡,四月采。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"木": [ | |
{"描述": "上木,下品一十七種,舊十八種,今移芫華入草。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "巴豆", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主傷寒,溫瘧,寒熱,破症瘕結聚,堅積,留飲,淡癖,大腹水張,盪練五藏六府,開通閉塞,利水穀道,去惡內,除鬼毒蠱注邪物(《御覽》作鬼毒邪注),殺蟲魚,一名巴叔(舊作椒,《御覽》作菽),生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《廣雅》云:巴菽,巴豆也。《列仙傳》云:元俗餌巴豆。《淮南子》說林訓云:魚食巴菽而死,人食之而肥。", | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:巴豆,一名巴菽,神農岐伯桐君辛有毒,黃帝甘有毒,李氏主溫熱寒,葉如大豆,八月采(《御覽》)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生巴郡,八月采,陰乾,用之,去心皮。" | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "蔓椒", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主風寒濕痹,癧節疼,除四肢厥氣,膝痛。一名家椒。生川谷及邱家間。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案陶宏景云:俗呼為樛,以椒小不香爾,一名稀椒,可以蒸病出汗也。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名豬椒,一名彘椒,一名狗椒,生雲中,采莖根煮,釀酒。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"獸": [ | |
{"描述": "上獸,下品四種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "豚卵", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主驚癇,瘨疾,鬼注,蠱毒,除寒熱,賁豚,五癃,邪氣,攣縮。一名豚顛,懸蹄,主五痔,伏熱,在腸,腸癰,內蝕。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:(上歹歹歹下巾),小豕也,從豸省,象形,從又,持肉以給祭祀,篆文作豚。方言云:豬,其子或謂之豚,或謂之豯.吳揚之間,謂之豬子。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"蟲魚": [ | |
{"描述": "上蟲,魚,下品一十八種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "蝦蟆", | |
"nature": "寒", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主邪氣,破症堅,血癰腫,陰創。服之不患熱病。生池澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:蝦,蝦蟆也,蟆,蝦蟆也,黿,蝦蟆也,,詹諸也,其鳴詹諸,其皮蠢蠢,其行,或作,,詹諸也。夏水正《傳》云:域也者,長股也,或曰屈造之屬也。詩曰:得比,言其行電電,黿,詹諸,以鳴者,《廣雅》云:苦胡,蝦蟆也。《爾雅》云:黿蟾諸,郭璞云:似蝦蟆,居陸地,淮南謂之去蚊,又蝗。郭璞云:蛙類。《周禮》云:蟈氏。鄭司農云:蟈,讀為蜮,蜮,蝦蟆也,元謂蟈,今御所食蛙也。月今云:仲夏之月,反舌無聲。蔡邕云:今謂之蝦蟆。薛君韓詩注云:戚施蟾蜍。高誘注南子云:蟾蠩也,又蟈,蝦蟆也,又蟾蜍,蝦蟆,又鼓造,一曰蝦蟆,《抱朴子》內篇云:或問魏武帝曾收左元放而桎梏之,而得自然解脫。以何法乎。《抱朴子》曰:以自解去父血。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:一名蟾蜍,一名,一名去甫,一名苦,生江湖,五月五日,取,陰乾,東行者良。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"果": [ | |
{"描述": "上果,下品二種舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "桃核仁", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主淤血,血閉瘕邪,殺小蟲。桃花殺注惡鬼,令人好顏色。桃鳧,微濕,主殺百鬼精物(初學記引雲,梟桃在樹不落,殺百鬼)。桃毛,主下血瘕寒熱,積寒無子,桃蠹,殺鬼邪惡不祥。生川谷。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:桃,果也。玉篇云:桃,毛果也。《爾雅》云:桃李丑核。郭璞云:子中有核仁。孫炎云:桃李之實,類皆有核。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:桃核,七月采,取仁,陰乾,花三月三日采,陰乾,桃鳧一名桃奴,一名梟景,是實著樹不落,實中者,正月采之,桃蠹,食桃樹蟲也。生太山。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"米穀": [ | |
{"描述": "上米,谷下品一種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "腐婢", | |
"nature": "平", | |
"flavour": "辛", | |
"function": "主痎瘧,寒熱,邪氣,泄利,陰不起,病酒,頭痛。生漢中。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"吳普本草":"《吳普》曰:小豆花,一名腐婢(舊作付月,誤),神農甘毒,七月采,陰乾,四十日,治頭痛止渴(《御覽》)。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生漢中,即小豆花也,七月采,陰乾。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"菜": [ | |
{"描述": "上菜,下品二種,舊同。"}, | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "苦瓠", | |
"nature": "寒", | |
"flavour": "苦", | |
"function": "主大水,面目四肢浮腫,下水,令人吐。生川澤。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案《說文》云:瓠匏,匏瓠也。《廣雅》云:匏瓠也。《爾雅》云:瓠棲瓣。《毛詩》云:瓠有苦葉。《傳》云:匏謂之瓠,又九月斷壺。《傳》云:壺瓠也。古今注云:瓠,壺蘆也,壺蘆,瓠之無柄者,瓠,有柄者。又云:瓢瓠也,其曰匏,瓠則別名。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生晉地。" | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"未詳": [ | |
{ | |
"herb_name": "彼子", | |
"nature": "溫", | |
"flavour": "甘", | |
"function": "主腹中邪氣,去三蟲,蛇螫,蠱毒,鬼注,伏屍。生山谷(舊在《唐本》退中)。", | |
"annotation":{ | |
"後加註":"案陶宏景云:方家從來無用此者,古今諸醫,及藥家子不復識,又一名熊子,不知其形何類也,掌禹錫云:樹似杉子如檳榔。本經虫部云:彼子。蘇注云:彼字合從木。《爾雅》云:彼一名棑。", | |
"名醫別錄":"《名醫》曰:生永昌。" | |
} | |
} | |
] | |
} | |
] | |
} | |
] | |
} |
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