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* The <head> element is a container for metadata (data about data). | |
* HTML metadata is data about the HTML document. | |
* Placed between the <html> tag and the <body> tag. | |
* Metadata is not displayed. | |
* Metadata typically define the document title, character set, | |
styles, links, scripts. | |
* <title> <style> <meta> <link> <script>. | |
* Define the character set used. | |
<meta charset="UTF-8"> | |
* To display an HTML page correctly, the browser must know what | |
character-set (encoding) to use. | |
* The Unicode Consortium develops the Unicode Standard. Their goal is to | |
replace the existing character sets with its standard Unicode Transformation Format (UTF). | |
* Unicode was developed as a way to encode all the characters | |
for every language. | |
* The Unicode Standard has become a success and is implemented | |
in HTML, XML, Java, JavaScript, E-mail, ASP, PHP, etc. | |
The Unicode standard is also supported in many | |
operating systems and all modern browsers. | |
* The Unicode Standard covers (almost) all the characters, | |
punctuations, and symbols in the world. | |
* The Unicode Consortium cooperates with the leading standards development | |
organizations, like ISO, W3C, and ECMA. | |
* HTML5 introduced a method to let web designers take control | |
over the viewport, through the <meta> tag. | |
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> | |
* The viewport is the user's visible area of a web page. | |
* A <meta> viewport element gives the browser instructions on how to | |
control the page's dimensions and scaling. | |
* The width=device-width part sets the width of the page to follow the | |
screen-width of the device (which will vary depending on the device). | |
* The initial-scale=1.0 part sets the initial zoom level when the | |
page is first loaded by the browser. | |
* If you need to support IE 9 or IE 8, then I would recommend using the tag. | |
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> | |
* The X-UA-Compatible meta tag allows web authors to choose what version | |
of Internet Explorer the page should be rendered as. | |
* Define a description of your web page. | |
<meta name="description" content="Web page description"> | |
* Define keywords for search engines. | |
<meta name="keywords" content="HTML, CSS, XML, JavaScript"> | |
* Define the author of a page. | |
<meta name="author" content="Dhananjay"> | |
* The <title> element defines the title of the document, and is | |
required in all HTML/XHTML documents. | |
- defines a title in the browser tab | |
- provides a title for the page when it is added to favorites | |
- displays a title for the page in search engine results | |
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