tanhueco · August 29, 2019 22:24
diff --git a/roon-on-arch-linux.doc b/roon-on-arch-linux.doc
 #################################################
 ROON on Arch Linux on NUC or Comparable Hardware
 #################################################

 This is for those:

 - Who already have NUC particularly NUC6i5SY series
 - Uses a music server (SOtM sMS-200 or uRendu)
 - Installed NVMe M.2 memory
 - Have access to music files from NAS or equivalent fileserver through SMB
 - Set Roon Server close to the music server using network bridge set-up to minimize cabling
 - Option to ROCK using a homebrew Linux hardware

 Thanks to @evand. Evand’s post forms the base of this guide. I decided to create another one to cater more specifically to 
 NUC6i5SY or equivalent NUC owners.

 Arch Linux is a minimal install and probably the lightest OS that will run Roon server. The tradeoff in using Arch Linux is it is 
 not the most user friendy among the Linux distributions and tried a lot of them plus Solaris derivatives.

 The set-up is primarily on NUC’s that uses NVMe memory, access to music files through SMB, no bootloader for faster boot time, and 
 bridged interfaces with an endpoint (e.g. SOtM sMS-200Ultra). It turns out that efibootmgr is not as friendly on NVMe’s when 
 direct booting to the OS through UEFI so that led me to modify the original guide.

 The bridge set-up was added to allow setting up the Roon Server closer to the endpoint. In my case, I was able reduce the length of 
 my ethernet cable from 13 meters down to less than a meter while eliminating any router or switches that goes in between the Roon 
 server and the endpoint in the previous set-up. I didn’t expect to gain huge improvement with this new set-up but, to my surprise, 
 there is.

 For bridge set-up, you’ll need a USB Ethernet Adapter for the 2nd ethernet port. I purchased the Pluggable USB 3.0 Ethernet Adapter 
 that uses the ASIX AX88179 controller chip for $14.75. You can find it in Amazon. Secret: This chip is currently supported in ROCK 
 :slight_smile:. The USB Ethernet Adapter will be connected to the home LAN while the built-in Intel ethernet port in NUC will go 
 to the music player.

 ##########################
 Prepare source flash drive
 ##########################

 For Linux:

 Download the Arch Linux ISO file and write it to a flash drive as follows (where sdY represents the flash drive):

 # wipefs --all /dev/sdY
 # dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdY && sync

 For Windows:

 Download Rufus. Create a bootable USB drive using Arch Linux ISO image that can be downloaded from here. Use “GPT partition scheme 
 for UEFI” and “Large FAT32”

 Configure BIOS and boot from source flash drive:

 - Turn off compatibility mode and secure boot in the UEFI BIOS, connect network cable
 - Check UEFI Boot
 - You can keep Legacy Boot checked
 - Uncheck Audio if using a music server, WLAN, and Bluetooth under Onboard Devices to minimize any unnecessary electrical noise
 - Disabled “USB S4/S5 Power” under Secondary Power settings
 - Disabled “Portable Device Charging Mode” under Devices and USB
 - Check USB as Boot Device in Boot Configuration

 Boot target machine from flash drive you’ve just prepared.

 ############################
 Partition target flash drive
 ############################

 After the boot sequence is completed insert the target flash drive on which you wish to install Arch Linux and determine its device 
 name:

 # lsblk

 Partition the target flash drive with 512MB partition of type ef00 and the remainder as a regular Linux partition using gdisk:

 # gdisk /dev/nvme0n1

 Wipe out the existing partitions on the target flash drive. Use expert mode (press x) and zap the gpt tables, mbr etc. (press z). 
 Then relaunch gdisk as above.

 Once in gdisk press n and follow the prompts to size the partition table and set its type: +512MB and ef00 respectively. When done 
 with the first partition press n again and create a second (Linux) partition utilizing the remaining space on the flash drive. When 
 done press w and confirm writing of the partition tables.

 Here’s the partition creating process for the 1st Partition:

 Partition Number: 1
 First Sector: 2048 (default)
 Last Sector: +512MB
 Hex Code or GUID: ef00
 …type n

 For the 2nd Partition:

 Partition Number: 2
 First Sector: (default)
 Last Sector: (default)
 Hex Code or GUID: 8300
 …type w

 #######################################
 Format partitions on target flash drive
 #######################################

 Format the partitions FAT32 and EXT4 respectively:

 # sync
 # mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
 # mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p2

 Mount the Linux partition to /mnt and EFI System Partition to /mnt/boot:

 # mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
 # mkdir /mnt/boot
 # mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot

 ##############################
 Install Arch Linux Base System
 ##############################

 Install the base system, generate an fstab (note the use of -U to utilize UUIDs for device identification) and load temp files to 
 ram:

 # pacstrap /mnt base

 (Wait until it Is finished. This may take a long time. The screen may go blank due to the screen saver. Pressing to activate the 
 screen again is safe.)

 ############
 Set-Up FSTAB
 ############

 # genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
 # nano /mnt/etc/fstab

 Add the following to fstab to minimize unnecessary writes to the flash drive:

 tmpfs	/var/log       tmpfs	defaults	0 0                 
 tmpfs	/var/tmp       tmpfs	defaults	0 0
 tmpfs	/tmp           tmpfs	defaults	0 0

 #########################################
 Chroot into and configure the base system
 #########################################

 Change myhostname below to whatever you’d like your RoonBridge to be identified as on your network e.g. nucroonserver

 # arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
 # hwclock --systohc --utc
 # echo myhostname > /etc/hostname

 Add the same hostname to /etc/hosts:

 # nano /etc/hosts

 Edit the file to place it in the correct location so the line looks as follows:

 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost myhostname
 ::1 localhost.localdomain localhost myhostname

 #####################
 Locale and Local Time
 #####################

 Set locale by uncommenting the locale you wish to use, save the file and activate the locale. For example:

 # nano /etc/locale.gen

 Remove the hash “#” mark before your locale, e.g. en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8

 # echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
 # locale-gen

 Create a symbolic link /etc/localtime to your subzone file /usr/share/zoneinfo/Zone/SubZone using this command as an example:

 # rm /etc/localtime
 # ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Los_Angeles /etc/localtime

 ##############################
 Bridge Interface Configuration
 ##############################

 Copy a sample profile from /etc/netctl/examples to /etc/netctl and modifying it by changing eth0 to the ethernet port shown by ip 
 l. It is typically going to be something along like eno1 and enp0s20f0u3:

 # ip l
 # cd /etc/netctl
 # cp examples/bridge my_bridge
 # nano /etc/netctl/my_bridge

 My set-up looks very similar to this:
  Description="Bridge Connection"
  Interface=br0
  Connection=bridge
  BindsToInterfaces=(enp0s20f0u3 eno1)
  IP=static
  Address=('192.168.1.100/24')
  Gateway=('192.168.1.1')
  DNS=('8.8.8.8' '8.8.4.4')
  MACAddressOf=enp0s20f0u3
  SkipNoCarrier=yes

 Enable to bridge to run it permanently every reboot:
 # netctl enable my_bridge

 Set the root password and other essentials
 # passwd

 Install intel-ucode [basically intel microcode updates]:
 # pacman -S intel-ucode openssh mc ffmpeg samba

 Optional….If you run across mirror errors:

 # nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

 Delete or add a hash "#" before the mirror creating the problem.  I'm having problem on arch.nimukaito.net in my case.

 Enable root login via ssh:
 # cd /etc/ssh/
 # cp sshd_config sshd_config.org
 # nano sshd_config

 Find the following line in /etc/ssh/sshd_config:
 PermitRootLogin prohibit-password

 Remove the # and change prohibit-password to yes:
 PermitRootLogin yes

 Enable sshd:
 # systemctl enable sshd.service

 #####################################################################
 Setup to have BIOS boot the OS directly 
 (This may be set-up already. Just left it here in case it is needed.)
 #####################################################################

 # mount -t efivarfs efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
 # bootctl --path=/mnt/boot install

 Determine device UUIDs and create a configuration file to add an entry for Arch Linux to the boot manager:

 # blkid >> /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
 # nano /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf

 Remove UUID entries other than that pertaining to the flash drive and add the following (using your device UUID):

  title   Arch Linux
  linux   /vmlinuz-linux
  initrd  /initramfs-linux.img
  options root=UUID=Insert_Linux_Partition_UUID_Here rw

 Note on the above: Use the UUID from nvme0n1p2

 Flush cache and exit chroot session:
 # sync && exit

 ################################
 Set-Up SMB Access to Music Files
 ################################

 It is assumed that your music files are already stored somewhere in SMB NAS.

 Add the following to fstab access your music files and Roon database backup from the fileserver (SMB):

 # nano /etc/fstab

 //192.168.1.xx/music             /mnt/music              cifs    guest,sec=ntlm  0 0
 //192.168.1.xx/roon_music        /mnt/roon_music         cifs    guest,sec=ntlm  0 0
 //192.168.1.xx/media-backup      /mnt/media-backup       cifs    guest,sec=ntlm  0 0
 192.168.1.xx = your SMB server

 I used “music” for music files I originally organized using Mp3tag. “roon_music” can be any unorganized files you can dump for 
 Roon to organize. Media-backup is where to backup the Roon database.

 ###############################################################
 Reboot just to make sure you’ll get the Arch Linux login screen
 ###############################################################

 # reboot

 (At this point, you can use putty to access Roon Server remotely from your desktop.)

 ###################
 Install Roon Server
 ###################

 # curl -O http://download.roonlabs.com/builds/roonserver-installer-linuxx64.sh
 # chmod +x roonserver-installer-linuxx64.sh
 # ./roonserver-installer-linuxx64.sh

 Access the site through Roon Remote. In case the music server is not visible when accessed through your browser, reboot it.
	#################################################
	ROON on Arch Linux on NUC or Comparable Hardware
	#################################################

	This is for those:

	- Who already have NUC particularly NUC6i5SY series
	- Uses a music server (SOtM sMS-200 or uRendu)
	- Installed NVMe M.2 memory
	- Have access to music files from NAS or equivalent fileserver through SMB
	- Set Roon Server close to the music server using network bridge set-up to minimize cabling
	- Option to ROCK using a homebrew Linux hardware

	Thanks to @evand. Evand’s post forms the base of this guide. I decided to create another one to cater more specifically to
	NUC6i5SY or equivalent NUC owners.

	Arch Linux is a minimal install and probably the lightest OS that will run Roon server. The tradeoff in using Arch Linux is it is
	not the most user friendy among the Linux distributions and tried a lot of them plus Solaris derivatives.

	The set-up is primarily on NUC’s that uses NVMe memory, access to music files through SMB, no bootloader for faster boot time, and
	bridged interfaces with an endpoint (e.g. SOtM sMS-200Ultra). It turns out that efibootmgr is not as friendly on NVMe’s when
	direct booting to the OS through UEFI so that led me to modify the original guide.

	The bridge set-up was added to allow setting up the Roon Server closer to the endpoint. In my case, I was able reduce the length of
	my ethernet cable from 13 meters down to less than a meter while eliminating any router or switches that goes in between the Roon
	server and the endpoint in the previous set-up. I didn’t expect to gain huge improvement with this new set-up but, to my surprise,
	there is.

	For bridge set-up, you’ll need a USB Ethernet Adapter for the 2nd ethernet port. I purchased the Pluggable USB 3.0 Ethernet Adapter
	that uses the ASIX AX88179 controller chip for $14.75. You can find it in Amazon. Secret: This chip is currently supported in ROCK
	:slight_smile:. The USB Ethernet Adapter will be connected to the home LAN while the built-in Intel ethernet port in NUC will go
	to the music player.

	##########################
	Prepare source flash drive
	##########################

	For Linux:

	Download the Arch Linux ISO file and write it to a flash drive as follows (where sdY represents the flash drive):

	# wipefs --all /dev/sdY
	# dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdY && sync

	For Windows:

	Download Rufus. Create a bootable USB drive using Arch Linux ISO image that can be downloaded from here. Use “GPT partition scheme
	for UEFI” and “Large FAT32”

	Configure BIOS and boot from source flash drive:

	- Turn off compatibility mode and secure boot in the UEFI BIOS, connect network cable
	- Check UEFI Boot
	- You can keep Legacy Boot checked
	- Uncheck Audio if using a music server, WLAN, and Bluetooth under Onboard Devices to minimize any unnecessary electrical noise
	- Disabled “USB S4/S5 Power” under Secondary Power settings
	- Disabled “Portable Device Charging Mode” under Devices and USB
	- Check USB as Boot Device in Boot Configuration

	Boot target machine from flash drive you’ve just prepared.

	############################
	Partition target flash drive
	############################

	After the boot sequence is completed insert the target flash drive on which you wish to install Arch Linux and determine its device
	name:

	# lsblk

	Partition the target flash drive with 512MB partition of type ef00 and the remainder as a regular Linux partition using gdisk:

	# gdisk /dev/nvme0n1

	Wipe out the existing partitions on the target flash drive. Use expert mode (press x) and zap the gpt tables, mbr etc. (press z).
	Then relaunch gdisk as above.

	Once in gdisk press n and follow the prompts to size the partition table and set its type: +512MB and ef00 respectively. When done
	with the first partition press n again and create a second (Linux) partition utilizing the remaining space on the flash drive. When
	done press w and confirm writing of the partition tables.

	Here’s the partition creating process for the 1st Partition:

	Partition Number: 1
	First Sector: 2048 (default)
	Last Sector: +512MB
	Hex Code or GUID: ef00
	…type n

	For the 2nd Partition:

	Partition Number: 2
	First Sector: (default)
	Last Sector: (default)
	Hex Code or GUID: 8300
	…type w

	#######################################
	Format partitions on target flash drive
	#######################################

	Format the partitions FAT32 and EXT4 respectively:

	# sync
	# mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
	# mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p2

	Mount the Linux partition to /mnt and EFI System Partition to /mnt/boot:

	# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
	# mkdir /mnt/boot
	# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot

	##############################
	Install Arch Linux Base System
	##############################

	Install the base system, generate an fstab (note the use of -U to utilize UUIDs for device identification) and load temp files to
	ram:

	# pacstrap /mnt base

	(Wait until it Is finished. This may take a long time. The screen may go blank due to the screen saver. Pressing to activate the
	screen again is safe.)

	############
	Set-Up FSTAB
	############

	# genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
	# nano /mnt/etc/fstab

	Add the following to fstab to minimize unnecessary writes to the flash drive:

	tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults 0 0
	tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
	tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0

	#########################################
	Chroot into and configure the base system
	#########################################

	Change myhostname below to whatever you’d like your RoonBridge to be identified as on your network e.g. nucroonserver

	# arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
	# hwclock --systohc --utc
	# echo myhostname > /etc/hostname

	Add the same hostname to /etc/hosts:

	# nano /etc/hosts

	Edit the file to place it in the correct location so the line looks as follows:

	127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost myhostname
	::1 localhost.localdomain localhost myhostname

	#####################
	Locale and Local Time
	#####################

	Set locale by uncommenting the locale you wish to use, save the file and activate the locale. For example:

	# nano /etc/locale.gen

	Remove the hash “#” mark before your locale, e.g. en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8

	# echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
	# locale-gen

	Create a symbolic link /etc/localtime to your subzone file /usr/share/zoneinfo/Zone/SubZone using this command as an example:

	# rm /etc/localtime
	# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Los_Angeles /etc/localtime

	##############################
	Bridge Interface Configuration
	##############################

	Copy a sample profile from /etc/netctl/examples to /etc/netctl and modifying it by changing eth0 to the ethernet port shown by ip
	l. It is typically going to be something along like eno1 and enp0s20f0u3:

	# ip l
	# cd /etc/netctl
	# cp examples/bridge my_bridge
	# nano /etc/netctl/my_bridge

	My set-up looks very similar to this:
	Description="Bridge Connection"
	Interface=br0
	Connection=bridge
	BindsToInterfaces=(enp0s20f0u3 eno1)
	IP=static
	Address=('192.168.1.100/24')
	Gateway=('192.168.1.1')
	DNS=('8.8.8.8' '8.8.4.4')
	MACAddressOf=enp0s20f0u3
	SkipNoCarrier=yes

	Enable to bridge to run it permanently every reboot:
	# netctl enable my_bridge

	Set the root password and other essentials
	# passwd

	Install intel-ucode [basically intel microcode updates]:
	# pacman -S intel-ucode openssh mc ffmpeg samba

	Optional….If you run across mirror errors:

	# nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

	Delete or add a hash "#" before the mirror creating the problem. I'm having problem on arch.nimukaito.net in my case.

	Enable root login via ssh:
	# cd /etc/ssh/
	# cp sshd_config sshd_config.org
	# nano sshd_config

	Find the following line in /etc/ssh/sshd_config:
	PermitRootLogin prohibit-password

	Remove the # and change prohibit-password to yes:
	PermitRootLogin yes

	Enable sshd:
	# systemctl enable sshd.service

	#####################################################################
	Setup to have BIOS boot the OS directly
	(This may be set-up already. Just left it here in case it is needed.)
	#####################################################################

	# mount -t efivarfs efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
	# bootctl --path=/mnt/boot install

	Determine device UUIDs and create a configuration file to add an entry for Arch Linux to the boot manager:

	# blkid >> /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
	# nano /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf

	Remove UUID entries other than that pertaining to the flash drive and add the following (using your device UUID):

	title Arch Linux
	linux /vmlinuz-linux
	initrd /initramfs-linux.img
	options root=UUID=Insert_Linux_Partition_UUID_Here rw

	Note on the above: Use the UUID from nvme0n1p2

	Flush cache and exit chroot session:
	# sync && exit

	################################
	Set-Up SMB Access to Music Files
	################################

	It is assumed that your music files are already stored somewhere in SMB NAS.

	Add the following to fstab access your music files and Roon database backup from the fileserver (SMB):

	# nano /etc/fstab

	//192.168.1.xx/music /mnt/music cifs guest,sec=ntlm 0 0
	//192.168.1.xx/roon_music /mnt/roon_music cifs guest,sec=ntlm 0 0
	//192.168.1.xx/media-backup /mnt/media-backup cifs guest,sec=ntlm 0 0
	192.168.1.xx = your SMB server

	I used “music” for music files I originally organized using Mp3tag. “roon_music” can be any unorganized files you can dump for
	Roon to organize. Media-backup is where to backup the Roon database.

	###############################################################
	Reboot just to make sure you’ll get the Arch Linux login screen
	###############################################################

	# reboot

	(At this point, you can use putty to access Roon Server remotely from your desktop.)

	###################
	Install Roon Server
	###################

	# curl -O http://download.roonlabs.com/builds/roonserver-installer-linuxx64.sh
	# chmod +x roonserver-installer-linuxx64.sh
	# ./roonserver-installer-linuxx64.sh

	Access the site through Roon Remote. In case the music server is not visible when accessed through your browser, reboot it.