On the step:

# git clone https://github.com/learn-chef/auditd.git

I get:

Cloning into 'auditd'...
fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/learn-chef/auditd.git/': Could not resolve host: github.com

The DNS config inside the workstation looks like this:

# cat /etc/resolv.conf
search <my internal domain>
nameserver 127.0.0.11
options ndots:0

The setup for this is as follows:

Host OS: CentOS7

$ cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

Docker version

$ docker --version
Docker version 1.13.1, build 774336d/1.13.1

User setup and initial config:

# useradd -m learnchef
# usermod --groups docker learnchef
# su - learnchef
$ pip install --user docker-compose
$ vi ~/.bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin
$ . ~/.bashrc
$ mkdir learn-inspec
$ cd learn-inspec
$ curl -C - -O  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/learn-chef/inspec/master/docker-compose.yml
$ cat docker-compose.yml
version: '3'
services:
  workstation:
    container_name: workstation
    image: learnchef/inspec_workstation
    stdin_open: true
    tty: true
    links:
      - target
    volumes:
      - .:/root
  target:
    image: learnchef/inspec_target
    stdin_open: true
    tty: true

$ docker-compose version
docker-compose version 1.23.2, build 1110ad0
docker-py version: 3.7.0
CPython version: 2.7.5
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017

Getting the Docker images going

$ docker-compose pull
Pulling target      ... done
Pulling workstation ... done

$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "learn-inspec_default" with the default driver
Creating learn-inspec_target_1 ... done
Creating workstation           ... done

$ docker exec -it workstation bash
root@e81dcdc8f026:/#
root@e81dcdc8f026:/# inspec version
2.0.17

# git clone https://github.com/learn-chef/auditd.git
Cloning into 'auditd'...
fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/learn-chef/auditd.git/': Could not resolve host: github.com