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July 19, 2024 01:39
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Producer-Consumer-Problem.
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| #include <iostream> // Includes the standard I/O library | |
| #include <queue> // Includes the queue library for queue operations | |
| #include <thread> // Includes the thread library for threading operations | |
| #include <mutex> // Includes the mutex library for synchronization | |
| #include <condition_variable> // Includes the condition_variable library for thread communication | |
| std::mutex mtx; // Declares a mutex for critical section management | |
| std::condition_variable cond_var; // Declares a condition variable for blocking and waking threads | |
| std::queue<int> buffer; // Declares a queue to act as the buffer | |
| const unsigned int MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 10; // Sets the maximum size of the buffer | |
| void producer(int value) { // Defines the producer function | |
| std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx); // Locks the mutex before accessing the buffer | |
| cond_var.wait(lock, [] { return buffer.size() < MAX_BUFFER_SIZE; }); // Waits if the buffer is full | |
| std::cout << "Producing " << value << std::endl; // Prints the produced value | |
| buffer.push(value); // Pushes the value into the buffer | |
| std::cout << "Buffer size after producing: " << buffer.size() << std::endl << std::endl; // Prints the buffer size after producing | |
| lock.unlock(); // Unlocks the mutex | |
| cond_var.notify_one(); // Notifies one waiting thread | |
| } | |
| void consumer() { // Defines the consumer function | |
| std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx); // Locks the mutex before accessing the buffer | |
| cond_var.wait(lock, [] { return buffer.size() > 0; }); // Waits if the buffer is empty | |
| int value = buffer.front(); // Gets the value from the front of the buffer | |
| buffer.pop(); // Removes the value from the buffer | |
| std::cout << "Consuming " << value << std::endl; // Prints the consumed value | |
| std::cout << "Buffer size after consuming: " << buffer.size() << std::endl << std::endl; // Prints the buffer size after consuming | |
| lock.unlock(); // Unlocks the mutex | |
| cond_var.notify_one(); // Notifies one waiting thread | |
| } | |
| int main() { // The main function | |
| std::thread producerThread([] { // Creates a producer thread | |
| for (int i = 1; i <= 200000; ++i) { | |
| producer(i); // Produces 20 items | |
| } | |
| }); | |
| // Delay before starting consumer thread | |
| std::thread consumerThread([] { // Creates a consumer thread | |
| for (int i = 1; i <= 2000000; ++i) { | |
| consumer(); // Consumes 20 items | |
| } | |
| }); | |
| producerThread.join(); // Waits for producer thread to finish | |
| consumerThread.join(); // Waits for consumer thread to finish | |
| return 0; // Ends the program | |
| } |
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