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| sudo qemu-system-x86_64 -drive file=amf_apl-gw,if=virtio,cache=off -m 1024 -enable-kvm -cpu host -vga virtio -device virtio-net,netdev=network0 -netdev tap,id=network0,ifname=tap0,script=no,downscript=no -runas $(whoami) | |
| run as sudo to let qemu create tap devices, but use -runas user to drop privileges | |
| ==================================== | |
| Mutiple cores : | |
| -smp cores=n | |
| ==================================== | |
| Telnet monitor | |
| -monitor telnet:127.0.0.1:55555,server,nowait; | |
| ==================================== | |
| Drive : | |
| Use either Virtio SCSI or Virtio BLK (https://www.qemu.org/2021/01/19/virtio-blk-scsi-configuration/) | |
| virtio-scsi | |
| The scsi-hd device is suitable for disk image files and host block devices when SCSI passthrough is not required. The scsi-block device offers SCSI passthrough and is preferred over scsi-generic due to higher performance. | |
| -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \ | |
| -device scsi-hd,drive=drive0 \ | |
| -drive if=none,id=drive0,file=test.img,format=raw \ | |
| virtio-blk | |
| Using virtio-blk with blockdev (https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/system/qemu-block-drivers.html) | |
| -blockdev \ | |
| node-name=drive0,driver=qcow2,file.driver=file,file.node-name=file,file.filename=./a.qcow2 \ | |
| -device virtio-blk,drive=drive0,id=virtio0 \ | |
| ==================================== | |
| Random mac : | |
| printf -v macaddr "52:54:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x" $(( $RANDOM & 0xff)) $(( $RANDOM & 0xff )) $(( $RANDOM & 0xff)) $(( $RANDOM & 0xff )) | |
| -device virtio-net,netdev=network0,mac="$macaddr" | |
| ==================================== | |
| VM on same network : | |
| /!\ use different MACs | |
| VM1: -device virtio-net,netdev=network0,mac="$macaddr" -netdev tap,id=network0,ifname=tap0,script=no,downscript=no | |
| VM2: -device virtio-net,netdev=network0,mac="$macaddr" -netdev tap,id=network0,ifname=tap1,script=no,downscript=no | |
| # bridge together TAP interfaces | |
| ip l set tap0 up | |
| ip l set tap1 up | |
| ip link add br0 type bridge | |
| ip link set tap0 master br0 | |
| ip link set tap1 master br0 | |
| # host ip | |
| ip a a 192.168.200.1/24 dev br0 | |
| ==================================== | |
| To auto add to bridge : | |
| ➜ cat /etc/qemu-ifup | |
| #!/bin/sh | |
| set -x | |
| switch=br0 | |
| if [ -n "$1" ];then | |
| ip link set $1 up | |
| sleep 0.5s | |
| ip link set $1 master $switch | |
| exit 0 | |
| else | |
| echo "Error: no interface specified" | |
| exit 1 | |
| fi | |
| Remove "script=no" from params | |
| ==================================== | |
| Snapshot : | |
| https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/CreateSnapshot | |
| https://wiki.qemu.org/Features/Snapshots | |
| ==================================== | |
| Debugging with GDB : | |
| https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/QEMU/Debugging_with_QEMU | |
| ==================================== | |
| Headless | |
| -append "console=ttyS0" -nographic - Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on the console. Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel with a serial console. | |
| ==================================== | |
| Mount QEMU image | |
| sudo modprobe nbd max_part=8 | |
| sudo qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd0 my_image | |
| sudo mount /dev/nbd0p1 my_image | |
| sudo qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd0 | |
| ==================================== | |
| Create Images | |
| qemu-img create -f qcow2 foobar.qcow2 100M | |
| ==================================== | |
| Arch Linux Guest | |
| /etc/mkinitcpio.conf: | |
| MODULES=(virtio virtio_blk virtio_pci virtio_net) | |
| # mkinitpcio -p linux | |
| ==================================== | |
| UEFI | |
| https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PCI_passthrough_via_OVMF#Plain_QEMU_without_libvirt | |
| With secureboot : | |
| # required machine type | |
| -machine q35,smm=on,accel=kvm | |
| # Due to the way some of the models work in edk2, we need to disable | |
| # s3 resume. Without this option, qemu will appear to silently hang | |
| # althouh it emits an error message on the ovmf_log | |
| -global ICH9-LPC.disable_s3=1 | |
| # Secure! | |
| -global driver=cfi.pflash01,property=secure,value=on | |
| # Point to the firmware | |
| -drive if=pflash,format=raw,unit=0,file=/usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd,readonly=on | |
| # Point to your copy of the variables | |
| -drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=OVMF_VARS.fd | |
| ==================================== | |
| Edit emulated machine | |
| List | |
| qemu-system-x86_64 -machine help | |
| -machine pc-q35 | |
| ==================================== | |
| USB Drive using xhci controller (USB3) | |
| -device qemu-xhci \ | |
| -drive id=my_usb_disk,file=USB.qcow2,if=none \ | |
| -device usb-storage,drive=my_usb_disk | |
| ==================================== | |
| Boot Menu, e.g to boot from USB | |
| -boot menu=on | |
| =================================== | |
| Device list | |
| -device help | |
| Doc | |
| https://wiki.qemu.org/Category:Completed_feature_pages | |
| https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/QEMU | |
| https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Networking |
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