Vowels
Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Close | i y | ɨ ʉ | ɯ u | ||
Near-close | ɪ ʏ | ɪ̈ ʊ̈ | ʊ | ||
Close-mid | e ø | ɘ ɵ | ɤ o | ||
Mid | e̞ ø̞ | ə ɵ̞ | ɤ̞ o̞ | ||
Open-mid | ɛ œ | ɜ ɞ | ʌ ɔ | ||
Near-open | æ | ɐ | |||
Open | a ɶ | ä ɒ̈ | ɑ ɒ | ||
Consonants |
Bilabial | Labio-dental | Linguo-labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo-palatal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal / Epiglottal | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m̥ m | ɱ | n̼̊ n̼ | n̥ n | ɳ̊ ɳ | ɲ̊ ɲ | ŋ̊ ŋ | ɴ̥ ɴ | — — | — — | |||
Stop | p b | p̪ b̪ | t̼ d̼ | t d | ʈ ɖ | c ɟ | k ɡ | q ɢ | ʡ | ʔ — | |||
Sibilant affricate | — — | — — | — — | ts dz | tʃ dʒ | ʈʂ ɖʐ | tɕ dʑ | — — | — — | — — | — — | — — | |
Non-sibilant affricate | pɸ bβ | p̪f b̪v | tθ dð | tθ̠ dð̠ | t̠ɹ̠̊˔ d̠ɹ̠˔ | cç ɟʝ | kx ɡɣ | qχ | ʡħ ʡʕ | ʔh — | |||
Sibilant fricative | — — | — — | — — | s z | ʃ ʒ | ʂ ʐ | ɕ ʑ | — — | — — | — — | — — | — — | |
Non-sibilant fricative | ɸ β | f v | θ̼ ð̼ | θ ð | θ̱ ð̠ | ɹ̠̊˔ ɹ̠˔ | ç ʝ | x ɣ | χ ʁ | ħ ʕ | h ɦ ʔ̞ | ||
Approximant | ɸ˕ | ʋ | θ̞ | ɹ̥ ɹ | ɻ̊ ɻ | j̊ j | ɰ̊ ɰ | ||||||
Flap or tap | ⱱ̟ | ⱱ | ɾ̼ | ɾ̥ ɾ | ɽ̊ ɽ | — — | — — | — — | ɢ̆ | ʡ̮ | — — | ||
Trill | ʙ | r̼ | r̥ r | ɽr̥ ɽr | — — | — — | — — | ʀ̥ ʀ | ʜ ʢ | — — | |||
Lateral affricate | — — | — — | tɬ dɮ | ʈɭ̊˔ | cʎ̥˔ | kʟ̝̊ ɡʟ̝ | — — | — — | |||||
Lateral fricative | — — | — — | ɬ ɮ | ɭ̊˔ | ʎ̥˔ ʎ̝ | ʟ̝̊ ʟ̝ | — — | — — | |||||
Lateral approximant | — — | — — | l̼ | l̥ l | ɭ̊ ɭ | ʎ̥ ʎ | ʟ | ʟ̠ | — — | — — | |||
Lateral flap | — — | — — | ɺ̼ | ɺ | ɭ̆ | ʎ̮ | — — | — — |