Ever since ThePooN's osu! on Linux tutorial got released, a lot of developments have since been discovered. Such as a new PulseAudio replacement that theoretically achieves lower latency and fixes, but the fundamentals are still there.
Disclaimer: This is mostly a tutorial for Arch Linux users and all flavours of it, you can follow the tutorial but it would be different for others.
First of all, we have to install WINE, with patches by PooN enabled and stability patches to fix some crashes.
For Arch Linux I have made a package that was made using my fork.