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For software flying in Space:
- Actually lot of our critical 3 projects/products uses open source software - especially Operating Systems
- http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/engineering/projects/phonesat.html - that project uses Android OS which is open source
- NASA flies Linux in Space for lot of its Critical 3 category software :)!
- Astronaut's workstations have lots of open source software on it. For example, VLC media player, notepad++, Mozilla browser
- Lot of time for flight software needs, there are not that many open source software packages out there so, NASA itself has also created many open source software packages for "core" flight software - these are currently used for it's critical 3 products such as satellites, landers, unmanned vehicles, and they are certifying it for critical 1 products such as space suits and future manned vehicles. Here is example of it, its called "Core Flight Executive", "Core Flight Software", "Core Flight Software - Data Storage", "Core Flight Software Scheduler". http://opensource.gsfc.nasa.gov/projects/cfe/index.php, https://code.nasa.gov/#/ This is open source and made available to embedded systems community by NASA's Goddard Space Flight center as its designed for real-time embedded systems.
For software not flying in Space but being used on Ground for operations - NASA uses a lot of open source packages.
Goddard Space Flight center's Flight Software Division release some great open source packages for embedded system community - http://opensource.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and here is what is available from rest of the other centers http://ti.arc.nasa.gov/opensource/other-nasa-software/