danielmichaels · September 6, 2018 12:40
diff --git a/teaching.py b/teaching.py
 """All the things I wish someone helped me with when I started out."""

 import time
 # This is how we import "modules", what's a module?
 # A module at its simplest, is another script - what you are reading, is a script.
 # when we import 'time' we are saying 'let me access everything in that script'
 # this lets us 'call' or use any function or method within that script - with a caveat.

 string = 'This is a string'
 string2 = "single quotes, or double quotes, you decide!"
 string3 = "strings can contain anyhing really; 1, True [] {} ()"

 integer = 1 # I am a number
 float_ = 3.14159 # A decimal point number
 bool1 = True
 bool2 = False # binary, 0 or 1, true or false!

 # Variables

 my_name = "Dan"
 my_number = 21
 do_i_believe_in_you = True
 satoshi = 0.00000001

 # we can do stuff to variables
 satoshi_plus_number = my_number + satoshi
 print(satoshi_plus_number)
 print(my_name, 'jersey number is', my_number)
 octet = 2**8
 print("How many hosts in one octet?", octet)
 print('um, that not true if its zero indexed is it?', octet - 1, 'now we talking!!')

 # List all the things!!
 # lists can contain things; variables, strings, other lists, dictionaries, tuples, etc

 cats = ['skittles', 'moggy', 'snowball', 'mojo']
 random_stuff = ['toothpick', 8, 5.5, True, ['a','list','within','a','list'],my_name, satoshi_plus_number]
 print(random_stuff)
 # lists are cool, but how does one get something from a list? well,
 # lists are indexed by number starting a zero.

 # what's the coolest cats name?
 print(cats[0]) # the first item, starts at Zero.
 # there is how many bits in a byte?
 print('there is', random_stuff[1], 'bits in a byte!')
 # I forgot my name... which is second last.
 print(random_stuff[-2])
 # lets get the word list from the list with the list named 'random_stuff'
 print(random_stuff[4][1])
 # we got the list at the fourth index, then got the word 'list' at the first index of that list! think on that...

 # can I just find something in a list, even though I don't know its index position?
 print('skittles' in cats) # this will return a Boolean (true/false)
 print("santa's little helper" in cats) # False! not in that list

 # what a segue into flow control!
 # loops, if/elif/else 
 # for loops
 for cat in cats:
    print(cat)
    # prints ['skittles', 'moggy', 'snowball', 'mojo']
 # cat means NOTHING, cats does, that references the list name cats! lets see that again!

 print() # here just to separate the outputs
 for sex_in_the_city_is_on_tv in cats:
    print(sex_in_the_city_is_on_tv)
    # if the list 'cats' didn't exist we would get an Error and this script would fail.

 print() # here just to separate the outputs
 for items in random_stuff:
    print("thing in list:", items)

 print() # here just to separate the outputs

 if 'skittles' in cats:
    print('she sits on me!')
 else:
    print('no more sitting on me!')
 # why didn't the 'else' print? flow control 

 if 'tiger' in cats:
    print('she sits on me!')
 else:
    print('no more sitting on me!')
 # whats the difference here? if statements or flow control statements will check
 # in this case, the list and output what it finds first, execute that and then quit.

 # what if we wanted to return a result for each item in a list? Then we need a for!
 print() # here just to separate the outputs
 for each_item_in_the_list in cats:
    if 'skittles' in each_item_in_the_list:
        print('YAY, shes here!')
    else:
        print(each_item_in_the_list, 'is not skittles!!')
 # for every item in that list that does not equal 'skittles' we print something
 # if the item has 'skittles' in it, we print something.

 print() # here just to separate the outputs

 for number in range(7):
    if number > 4:
        print('if statement executed on', number)
    elif number < 3:
        print('elif statement executed on', number)
    else:
        print('else executed on', number)
 # flow control here again, look it over and think about it. Why does this work
 # the way it does?

 # Yo dawg, I heard you like functions so I put a function in ya function and turned it into a decorator!

 # functions take inputs, do something to them and return an output (generally)
 # they are repeatable and save us from writing the same things over and over again!

 def multiply(thing1, thing2):
    """must be an integer"""
    thing1 = thing1 * 3
    thing1_plus_thing2 = thing1 + thing2
    return thing1_plus_thing2
 # because we have defined a function and given it parameters (things1 & 2)
 # we must 'call' it with those parameters. Like so,

 multiply(50,3) # this will not print anything..
 print(multiply(50, 3)) # so I put it inside a.. print.. function!

 def multiply_if_int(a,b):
    """If the parameters are not integer's add them together, else multiply"""
    if a or b == type(int): # == checks the value
        return a + b
    else:
        return a * b

 print(multiply_if_int(1,2))
 print(multiply_if_int('1','2'))
 # think about how this works

 # if you don't recall what 'type' is..
 print(f"""
 here is a reminder of type in python:
 type(int) == {type(my_number)}
 type(float) == {type(float_)}
 type(cats) == {type(cats)}
 type(my_name) == {type(my_name)}
 """)

 # dict's! big dicts, little dicts, dicts of all shapes and sizes!!
 # above I said, a list is index by number (starting at.. zero)
 # dictionaries, are like lists, except they are accessed by a 'key'. And,
 # each key points a value. Keys are unique, their values are not. This makes dict
 # lookups very fast.
 # dicts are 'key':'value' stores and are defined like so,

 dog = {'breed':'lab','age':5,'colour':'black','favourite toy':'tennis ball'}
 print(dog)
 # now dict's are very powerful, so this is a overview rather than a detailed exploration.
 # if you want to list all the keys try this:
 print(list(dog))
 # or
 print(dog.keys())
 # or
 for key in dog.keys():
    print(key)

 # if we want the values..
 print()
 print(dog.values())
 print()
 for value in dog.values():
    print(value)

 # how about both?
 print(dog.items())
 print()
 # we call items()
 for key, value in dog.items():
    print(key, ':', value)
 # try calling just key or value in dog.items(), what happens? why?

 # last thing... import time, lets see that in action
 print()
 print('comment out time.sleep(1) if this gets annoying')
 print('or hit CTRL-C')
 for x in range(5):
    print('one second elapsed')
    time.sleep(1)
    # sleep is a function within the module (script) time and it takes
    # a parameter, which in this case is an integer which represents
    # a 1 second.



 # I think thats enough for now.
	"""All the things I wish someone helped me with when I started out."""

	import time
	# This is how we import "modules", what's a module?
	# A module at its simplest, is another script - what you are reading, is a script.
	# when we import 'time' we are saying 'let me access everything in that script'
	# this lets us 'call' or use any function or method within that script - with a caveat.

	string = 'This is a string'
	string2 = "single quotes, or double quotes, you decide!"
	string3 = "strings can contain anyhing really; 1, True [] {} ()"

	integer = 1 # I am a number
	float_ = 3.14159 # A decimal point number
	bool1 = True
	bool2 = False # binary, 0 or 1, true or false!

	# Variables

	my_name = "Dan"
	my_number = 21
	do_i_believe_in_you = True
	satoshi = 0.00000001

	# we can do stuff to variables
	satoshi_plus_number = my_number + satoshi
	print(satoshi_plus_number)
	print(my_name, 'jersey number is', my_number)
	octet = 2**8
	print("How many hosts in one octet?", octet)
	print('um, that not true if its zero indexed is it?', octet - 1, 'now we talking!!')

	# List all the things!!
	# lists can contain things; variables, strings, other lists, dictionaries, tuples, etc

	cats = ['skittles', 'moggy', 'snowball', 'mojo']
	random_stuff = ['toothpick', 8, 5.5, True, ['a','list','within','a','list'],my_name, satoshi_plus_number]
	print(random_stuff)
	# lists are cool, but how does one get something from a list? well,
	# lists are indexed by number starting a zero.

	# what's the coolest cats name?
	print(cats[0]) # the first item, starts at Zero.
	# there is how many bits in a byte?
	print('there is', random_stuff[1], 'bits in a byte!')
	# I forgot my name... which is second last.
	print(random_stuff[-2])
	# lets get the word list from the list with the list named 'random_stuff'
	print(random_stuff[4][1])
	# we got the list at the fourth index, then got the word 'list' at the first index of that list! think on that...

	# can I just find something in a list, even though I don't know its index position?
	print('skittles' in cats) # this will return a Boolean (true/false)
	print("santa's little helper" in cats) # False! not in that list

	# what a segue into flow control!
	# loops, if/elif/else
	# for loops
	for cat in cats:
	print(cat)
	# prints ['skittles', 'moggy', 'snowball', 'mojo']
	# cat means NOTHING, cats does, that references the list name cats! lets see that again!

	print() # here just to separate the outputs
	for sex_in_the_city_is_on_tv in cats:
	print(sex_in_the_city_is_on_tv)
	# if the list 'cats' didn't exist we would get an Error and this script would fail.

	print() # here just to separate the outputs
	for items in random_stuff:
	print("thing in list:", items)

	print() # here just to separate the outputs

	if 'skittles' in cats:
	print('she sits on me!')
	else:
	print('no more sitting on me!')
	# why didn't the 'else' print? flow control

	if 'tiger' in cats:
	print('she sits on me!')
	else:
	print('no more sitting on me!')
	# whats the difference here? if statements or flow control statements will check
	# in this case, the list and output what it finds first, execute that and then quit.

	# what if we wanted to return a result for each item in a list? Then we need a for!
	print() # here just to separate the outputs
	for each_item_in_the_list in cats:
	if 'skittles' in each_item_in_the_list:
	print('YAY, shes here!')
	else:
	print(each_item_in_the_list, 'is not skittles!!')
	# for every item in that list that does not equal 'skittles' we print something
	# if the item has 'skittles' in it, we print something.

	print() # here just to separate the outputs

	for number in range(7):
	if number > 4:
	print('if statement executed on', number)
	elif number < 3:
	print('elif statement executed on', number)
	else:
	print('else executed on', number)
	# flow control here again, look it over and think about it. Why does this work
	# the way it does?

	# Yo dawg, I heard you like functions so I put a function in ya function and turned it into a decorator!

	# functions take inputs, do something to them and return an output (generally)
	# they are repeatable and save us from writing the same things over and over again!

	def multiply(thing1, thing2):
	"""must be an integer"""
	thing1 = thing1 * 3
	thing1_plus_thing2 = thing1 + thing2
	return thing1_plus_thing2
	# because we have defined a function and given it parameters (things1 & 2)
	# we must 'call' it with those parameters. Like so,

	multiply(50,3) # this will not print anything..
	print(multiply(50, 3)) # so I put it inside a.. print.. function!

	def multiply_if_int(a,b):
	"""If the parameters are not integer's add them together, else multiply"""
	if a or b == type(int): # == checks the value
	return a + b
	else:
	return a * b

	print(multiply_if_int(1,2))
	print(multiply_if_int('1','2'))
	# think about how this works

	# if you don't recall what 'type' is..
	print(f"""
	here is a reminder of type in python:
	type(int) == {type(my_number)}
	type(float) == {type(float_)}
	type(cats) == {type(cats)}
	type(my_name) == {type(my_name)}
	""")

	# dict's! big dicts, little dicts, dicts of all shapes and sizes!!
	# above I said, a list is index by number (starting at.. zero)
	# dictionaries, are like lists, except they are accessed by a 'key'. And,
	# each key points a value. Keys are unique, their values are not. This makes dict
	# lookups very fast.
	# dicts are 'key':'value' stores and are defined like so,

	dog = {'breed':'lab','age':5,'colour':'black','favourite toy':'tennis ball'}
	print(dog)
	# now dict's are very powerful, so this is a overview rather than a detailed exploration.
	# if you want to list all the keys try this:
	print(list(dog))
	# or
	print(dog.keys())
	# or
	for key in dog.keys():
	print(key)

	# if we want the values..
	print()
	print(dog.values())
	print()
	for value in dog.values():
	print(value)

	# how about both?
	print(dog.items())
	print()
	# we call items()
	for key, value in dog.items():
	print(key, ':', value)
	# try calling just key or value in dog.items(), what happens? why?

	# last thing... import time, lets see that in action
	print()
	print('comment out time.sleep(1) if this gets annoying')
	print('or hit CTRL-C')
	for x in range(5):
	print('one second elapsed')
	time.sleep(1)
	# sleep is a function within the module (script) time and it takes
	# a parameter, which in this case is an integer which represents
	# a 1 second.



	# I think thats enough for now.