Created
April 13, 2012 03:37
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Simple python script for performing and optionally encrypting a rolling backup a mysql DB
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| #!/usr/bin/env python | |
| ''' | |
| Conduct rolling backups of a mysql DB server. | |
| Daily backups are kept for the previous 7 days, | |
| weekly for the previous 4 weeks, and monthly backups | |
| for the previous 12 months. | |
| Run ./mysql_backup --help for usage instructions | |
| @author Andrew Jessup | |
| ''' | |
| import os | |
| from optparse import OptionParser | |
| import time | |
| import datetime | |
| import logging | |
| import subprocess | |
| import shlex | |
| import shutil | |
| SECONDS_IN_A_MONTH = 2629743.83 | |
| SECONDS_IN_A_WEEK = 604800 | |
| WEEKLY_BACKUP_COUNT = 4 | |
| MONTHLY_BACKUP_COUNT = 12 | |
| def main(): | |
| parser = OptionParser() | |
| parser.add_option("-u", "--user", dest="username", help="Mysql username to connect with", action="store", default="root") | |
| parser.add_option("-p", "--password", dest="password", help="Mysql password to connect with", action="store", default="") | |
| parser.add_option("-H", "--host", dest="host", help="Mysql host to connect to", action="store", default="localhost") | |
| parser.add_option("-d", "--databases", dest="databases", help="Comma seperated list of databases to backup", action="store", default="") | |
| parser.add_option("-D", "--encrypt_dir", dest="encrypt_dir", help="If specfified, will cause encrypted files to be stored in --encrypt_dir with a gpg_key corresponding to this user") | |
| parser.add_option("-U", "--encrypt_user", dest="encrypt_user", help="If specfified along with --encrypt_user, will store an encrypted version of the files in a particular directory") | |
| parser.add_option("-t", "--temp_dir", dest="temp_dir", help="If specified, a user-writeable directory to store working files", default="/tmp", action="store") | |
| parser.add_option("-l", "--log_dir", dest="log_dir", help="Path to log to (logs to stdout if not specified)", default="", action="store") | |
| parser.add_option("-o", "--output_dir", dest="output_dir", help="Path where files are saved", action="store", default=os.path.dirname(__file__)) | |
| options, arguments = parser.parse_args() | |
| logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG) | |
| if len(options.log_dir): | |
| logging.basicConfig(filename=options.log_dir, level=logging.DEBUG) | |
| now = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # this script can take a while to run | |
| backup_key = seconds_since_epoch = int(time.time()) | |
| scratch_backup_directory = '%s/mysql_backup_%s' % (options.temp_dir, backup_key) | |
| logging.debug("Creating scratch backup directory %s" % scratch_backup_directory) | |
| if not os.path.exists(scratch_backup_directory): | |
| os.makedirs(scratch_backup_directory) | |
| for database in options.databases.split(','): | |
| archive_path = "%s/%s.gz" % (scratch_backup_directory, database) | |
| logging.debug("Getting dump of database %s, archiving to temp archive_path" % database) | |
| subprocess.call("mysqldump -u%s -p%s -h%s %s > %s/%s.sql" % (options.username, options.password, options.host, database, scratch_backup_directory, database), shell=True); | |
| logging.debug("Zipping %s" % database) | |
| subprocess.call("gzip -c %s/%s.sql > %s" % (scratch_backup_directory, database, archive_path), shell=True) | |
| subprocess.call("rm %s/%s.sql" % (scratch_backup_directory, database), shell=True) | |
| # Create daily backup | |
| subprocess.call("cp %s/%s.gz %s/day%s_%s.gz" % (scratch_backup_directory, database, options.output_dir, now.weekday(), database), shell=True) | |
| _copy(options, archive_path, "day%s_%s" % (now.weekday(), database)) | |
| _encrypt(options, archive_path, "day%s_%s" % (now.weekday(), database)) | |
| # If this is the first day of the week, create the weekly backup | |
| if now.weekday() == 0: | |
| week_num = int(seconds_since_epoch / SECONDS_IN_A_WEEK) % WEEKLY_BACKUP_COUNT | |
| logging.debug("Creating weekly snapshot of %s for week %s" % (database, week_num)) | |
| _copy(options, archive_path, "week%s_%s" % (week_num, database)) | |
| _encrypt(options, archive_path, "week%s_%s" % (week_num, database)) | |
| # If this is the first day of the month, create the monthly backup | |
| if now.day == 0: | |
| month_num = int(seconds_since_epoch / SECONDS_IN_A_MONTH) % MONTHLY_BACKUP_COUNT | |
| logging.debug("Creating monthly snapshot of %s for month %s" % (database, month_num)) | |
| _copy(options, archive_path, "month%s_%s" % (month_num, database)) | |
| _encrypt(options, archive_path, "month%s_%s" % (month_num, database)) | |
| logging.debug("Deleting scratch backup directory %s" % scratch_backup_directory) | |
| shutil.rmtree(scratch_backup_directory) | |
| def _copy(options, from_path, prefix): | |
| logging.debug("Copyting %s to %s/%s.gz" % (from_path, options.output_dir, prefix)) | |
| subprocess.call("cp %s %s/%s.gz" % (from_path, options.output_dir, prefix), shell=True) | |
| def _encrypt(options, from_path, prefix): | |
| if (options.encrypt_user and options.encrypt_dir): | |
| encrypt_file_path = "%s/%s.gpg" % (options.encrypt_dir, prefix) | |
| logging.debug("Encrypting %s to %s with user key %s" % (from_path, encrypt_file_path, options.encrypt_user)) | |
| subprocess.call("gpg --trust-model always --batch --yes -r \"%s\" --output %s --encrypt %s" % (options.encrypt_user, encrypt_file_path, from_path), shell=True) | |
| if __name__ == '__main__': | |
| main() |
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