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C++ basic statements
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| #include <iostream> | |
| using namespace std; | |
| int main () { | |
| // write your stuff here | |
| int x; // declare variable for a an "integer" value | |
| float x; // declare variable for a "real" value | |
| double x; // declare variable for a more precise "real" value | |
| bool x; // declare variable for a value of `true` or `false` | |
| char x; // declare variable for a character value. See ASCII table: http://www.asciitable.com/ | |
| cin >> x; // read value from user | |
| cout << "message"; // print a message | |
| cout << x; // print the value from x | |
| cout << endl; // print a new line | |
| x = 5; // assign a value to x | |
| x = 'a'; // assign a character value to x | |
| x = true; // assign true to a variable | |
| x = false; // assign false to a variable | |
| x = y; // assign the value from y to x | |
| x = y + z; // add two numbers and put the resulting number in x | |
| x = y - z; // subtract two numbers and put the resulting number in x | |
| x = y * z; // multiply two numbers and put the resulting number in x | |
| x = y / z; // division two numbers and put the resulting number in x | |
| x = y % z; // get the reminder of the division of y to z of two numbers and put the resulting number in x | |
| x = a * (b + c) // note that you can group with parantheses the expressions above (expression is what is on the right side) | |
| // if else branch | |
| if (condition) { | |
| // if condition is true | |
| } else { | |
| // if condition is false | |
| } | |
| // if without else branch | |
| if (condition) { | |
| // if condition is true | |
| } | |
| // condition can be replaced with: | |
| x == y // checks if the value of x is equal to the value of y | |
| x != y // checks if the value of x is different to the value of y | |
| x > y // checks if the value of x is greater than the value of y | |
| x >= y // checks if the value of x is greater or equal to the value of y | |
| x < y // checks if the value of x is less than the value of y | |
| x <= y // checks if the value of x is less or equal than the value of y | |
| // conditions can be combined: | |
| condition1 && condition2 // evaluates to true if both are true | |
| condition1 || condition2 // evaluates to true if any of them are true | |
| // && has priority over || just like * over + | |
| // just like the usual math operators you cand use parantheses | |
| // repetitive structures | |
| while (condition) { | |
| // statements here are executed while condition is true. Only when the last statement here is executed the condition is checked again | |
| } | |
| return 0; | |
| } |
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