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Basic yet pertinent information behind the workings of DNS and linux configuration.
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| Author: Aaron Phalen | Twitter: @aaron_phalen | Email: aaronphalen@gmail.com | |
| Summary: | |
| The domain name system (DNS) it useful in translating ip-address to domain names and vice-versa. | |
| Below will describe the basic workings of DNS and will show configuration on a linux server. | |
| A. DNS and BIND | |
| 1. DNS - Domain Name Sytem | |
| a) Translates between ip addresses and hostname | |
| 2. BIND - Berkely Internet Name System | |
| b) DNS for linux | |
| B. Bind Linux Packages | |
| 1. bind | |
| 2. bind-utils | |
| 3. redhat-config-bind | |
| C. The Domain Name Space | |
| 1. Domain Name Space (.com, .edu, .gov, etc..) | |
| 2. Domain Names (buyzdirect.com, osu.edu, etc..) | |
| 3. Subdomains (blog.buyzdirect.com, etc..) | |
| Note: The domain name space of the internet can be tought of as a tree | |
| structure similar to that of the linux file system. | |
| D. Concepts | |
| 1. Each domain in the domain name space has a node, which is an node | |
| in the aforementioned tree analogy | |
| 2. Each node has a resource record (RR) that stores facts about the domain | |
| 3. Nodes can have an numerous children, aka - subdomains | |
| 4. root is called . | |
| Note: resolution sequence: root --> domain name space --> domain --> resource record (RR) - Ip Address | |
| D. Domain Name Resoltution | |
| 1. There are 13 root domain name servers around the world that handoff request to other name server | |
| 2. Handoff process will continue until authoritative name server for domain is found | |
| 3. One name server and multiple slave name servers for each domain | |
| a) the slaves serve the same date as the master but purpose is to distribute server load | |
| E. Configuration Files | |
| 1. /etc/nsswitch.conf | |
| a) system host information | |
| 2. /etc/hosts | |
| a) computers on network | |
| 3. /etc/network/interfaces | |
| a)network interace devices | |
| i) lo --> localhost | |
| ii) eth0 --> public network | |
| 3. /etc/resolv.conf | |
| a) ip addresses of known domain names | |
| 4. /etc/hostnames | |
| a) ip addresses | |
| b) domain names | |
| c) aliases | |
| Note: sudo ifdown && sudo ifup --> need to reset networking to flush and re-configure network config settings. | |
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